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What is an SSL certificate and why does your browser warn about it?

An SSL certificate proves that a website is who it says it is — it's like an ID card for websites. When your browser shows a lock icon or 'https://', that site has an SSL certificate and your connection is encrypted so no one can intercept your passwords or data. If your browser shows a warning, the site's certificate is missing, expired, or fake — don't enter passwords or payment details.

An SSL certificate is a small digital file that websites install to prove they're legitimate and to encrypt your connection. When a website has a valid SSL certificate, your browser shows a lock icon and the address starts with 'https://' instead of 'http://'. It scrambles your data so it's unreadable while traveling between your computer and the website. If the certificate is missing or wrong, your browser warns you because there's no proof that the website is real.

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